“Higher loneliness correlated with higher sleep disturbance at baseline. There was evidence of reciprocal effects between loneliness and sleep across timepoints. These associations overall remained when accounting for demographics, objective isolation, and depression.”
“These data indicate that dairy consumption leads to systemic effects, which may promote mitochondrial biogenesis in key target tissues such as muscle and adipose tissue both by direct activation of SIRT1 as well as by SIRT1-independent pathways.”
” We reviewed and discussed underlying mechanisms of CR from an aspect of CR genes. It should be stressed that the isoform specificity of FoxO transcription factors for longevity becomes apparent under CR conditions but not AL conditions. Npy and FoxO1 both play pleiotropic roles in aging and related disorders, depending on the nutritional state. As briefly described in Section 1 and Section 2, the life-extending effects of CR and reduced IGF-1 signaling are also sexually dimorphic. Genes associated with regulation of the aging process should be investigated carefully in a context-dependent manner, i.e., abilities of physiological adaptation for individuals against environmental challenges, particularly food shortage. “
Low-level light therapy (LLLT) is the use of low incident levels of photon energy at a particular wavelength, targeting tissue to achieve a clinically useful local or systemic effect without the creation of heat (athermal) or damage (atraumatic) (Calderhead & Tanaka, 2017). LLLT has shown dramatic effects when used for wound healing, pain management, and various musculoskeletal conditions.
This review focuses on its potential use in skin rejuvenation. It has been shown that upon exposure to light, chromophores in the skin (mitochondrial cytochrome C, melanin, and protoporphyrins) absorb photons which lead to downstream alterations in physiology such as changes in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, inflammatory mediators, and collagen production. It is supposed that these photobiomodulative effects have beneficial effects on the skin, leading to a more youthful appearance through increased collagen and elastin production, and a reduction in age spots and wrinkles.
Key Questions
This analysis seeks to answer the following questions:
Which benefits with regard to skin rejuvenation result from LLLT?
Which risks are involved in using LLLT for skin rejuvenation (general and method-specific)?
What are the potential risk mitigation strategies?
Which method/device or combination of methods/devices is most effective for skin rejuvenation using LLLT?
Which of the available devices/methods are safe for use?
What is the best therapeutic protocol available at the moment?
