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We show that the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor trametinib, the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibitor rapamycin, and the glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitor lithium act additively to increase longevity in Drosophila
https://www.leafscience.org/a-triple-drug-combination-increases-lifespan/
To uncover more CRMs, Kroemer and his team now tested 200 compounds that belong to the same class of substances as spermidine and resveratrol. They first examined which of these substances show cellular reactions characteristic of elevated autophagy in rat and human cell cultures, while not being toxic to the cells. An agent called 3,4-dimethoxy chalcone (3,4-DC) stood out as the best candidate. A closer look at the exact mode of action of 3,4-DC revealed that it induces autophagy through a different pathway than spermidine and resveratrol.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/10/191021111842.htm
US biotechnology company called Bioquark has been given permission to recruit 20 clinically dead patients and attempt to bring their central nervous systems back to life. They hope to eliminate patients’ need to rely on machines by reanimating parts of the upper spinal cord, where the lower brain stem is located, to potentially energize vital body functions like breathing and heartbeats.
Scientists at UC San Francisco and Harvard University have shown for the first time that cooking food fundamentally alters the microbiomes of both mice and humans, a finding with implications both for optimizing our microbial health and for understanding how cooking may have altered the evolution of the our microbiomes during human prehistory.
Cooking food alters the microbiome: Raw vs. cooked diets have distinct effects on both mouse and human gut microbes — ScienceDaily
A new study has found that halving the amount red and processed (RPM) meat in the diet can have a significant impact on health, reducing the amount of LDL ‘bad’ cholesterol in the blood which cuts the risk of developing heart disease. Red and processed meat (RPM) include fresh pork, beef, lamb and veal and meats that have been smoked, cured or preserved (other than freezing) in some way. These meats are typically high in saturated fatty acids which cause an increase in LDL cholesterol. This is the “bad” cholesterol that collects in the walls of blood vessels, where it can cause blockages and raise the chance of a heart attack. Increasing awareness of the risks associated with eating red and processed meat has led to a growing number of people adopting vegetarian and vegan diets, which cut out meat completely. Researchers at the University of Nottingham wanted to find out if reducing the amount of red meat eaten, rather than cutting it out completely, would have a positive effect on the health of the subjects taking part.
You don’t have to go cold turkey on red meat to see health benefits — ScienceDaily
People who achieve weight loss of 10% or more in the first five years following diagnosis with type 2 diabetes have the greatest chance of seeing their disease go into remission, according to a study led by the University of Cambridge.
Type 2 diabetes remission possible with ‘achievable’ weight loss — ScienceDaily
Researchers were surprised to discover a new way that an enzyme in cancer cells, telomerase, acts to keep cancer cells multiplying. This could mean a faster way to stop cancer cells in their tracks. Tracy Bryan, the lead author on research released in Science Advances, was initially skeptical of the findings.
Researchers discover a new way that telomerase acts to keep cancer cells multiplying
Researchers from Queen’s University Belfast have discovered a new way to predict the aggressiveness and future behavior of prostate cancers.
Researchers discover a new way to improve the assessment of prostate cancer aggressiveness
A role for the gut microbiome on the health and functioning of many tissues, including the brain, liver, kidney, and adiposity, has been widely reported in the literature. Interestingly, 2019 might be the year that the role of the gut microbiome on skeletal muscle (i.e. the gut-muscle axis) comes into greater focus. The influence of the gut microbiome on muscle strength In April, Nay et al. reported that endurance exercise capacity was reduced in mice that do not contain a microbiome (germ-free mice, GFM) when compared with conventionally raised, microbiome-containing mice. This finding suggests that there are microbes in the gut that positively influence aerobic exercise performance.
The Gut Microbiome Affects Muscle Strength in Older Adults | | LEAF
Although reduced physical activity during the day is widely seen as a harbinger of mortality in older people, fragmentation of physical activity — spreading daily activity across more episodes of brief activity — may be an earlier indicator of mortality risk than total amount of daily activity, according to a new study from scientists at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
Fragmented physical activity linked to greater mortality risk — ScienceDaily
University of California, Irvine biologists blazing new approaches to studying Alzheimer’s have made a major finding on combating inflammation linked to the disease. The School of Biological Sciences researchers’ discovery about the role of a protein called TOM-1 heralds a shift toward examining the molecular underpinnings of Alzheimer’s processes. Their paper has just been published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
A brain protein that could put the brakes on Alzheimer’s — ScienceDaily
Growing research suggests that gut health goes well beyond good digestion.2 It may have an impact on the immune system and mood.3-5 Research on gut bacteria continues to grow and may be a key factor in understanding and maintaining gut health.
The Life Extension Blog: Let’s Talk about Gut Health and Probiotics with Marisa Moore, RDN
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center have found that high levels of fructose in the diet inhibit the liver’s ability to properly metabolize fat. This effect is specific to fructose. Indeed, equally high levels of glucose in the diet actually improve the fat-burning function of the liver. This explains why high dietary fructose has more negative health impacts than glucose does, even though they have the same caloric content.
High-fructose and high-fat diet damages liver mitochondria: Increases fatty-liver disease risk and metabolic syndrome — ScienceDaily
Researchers at Cornell University have uncovered a key step in how the human body metabolizes sugar, which could lead to better treatment and prevention of heart disease, obesity and Type 2 diabetes.
Metabolic discovery may help in fight against heart disease, diabetes
Aspiring parents should both avoid drinking alcohol prior to conception to protect against congenital heart defects, according to research published today in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, a journal of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).
Fathers-to-be should avoid alcohol six months before conception: Parental alcohol consumption linked to raised risk of congenital heart disease — ScienceDaily
Most people can continue to eat red and processed meat as they do now. A major study led by researchers at McMaster and Dalhousie universities has found cutting back has little impact on health. A panel of international scientists systematically reviewed the evidence and have recommended that most adults should continue to eat their current levels of red and processed meat. The researchers performed four systematic reviews focused on randomized controlled trials and observational studies looking at the impact of red meat and processed meat consumption on cardiometabolic and cancer outcomes. In one review of 12 trials with 54,000 people, the researchers did not find statistically significant or an important association between meat consumption and the risk of heart disease, diabetes or cancer.
No need to cut down red and processed meat for health reasons, controversial findings suggest — ScienceDaily
Without fat, nothing works in the body: These substances serve as energy suppliers and important building blocks — including for the envelopes of living cells. Numerous diseases are related to disorders in the fat metabolism, such as obesity or cancer. Researchers are now demonstrating how the fat metabolism can be monitored down to the individual liver cell of a mouse with the greatest sensitivity.
Shipment tracking for ‘fat parcels’ in the body: Researchers show that highly sensitive method can ‘track’ lipid metabolism — ScienceDaily
Yasuyaki Fujita has seen first-hand what happens when cells stop being polite and start getting real. He caught a glimpse of this harsh microscopic world when he switched on a cancer-causing gene called Ras in a few kidney cells in a dish. He expected to see the cancerous cells expanding and forming the beginnings of tumours among their neighbours. Instead, the neat, orderly neighbours armed themselves with filament proteins and started “poking, poking, pokingâ€, says Fujita, a cancer biologist at Hokkaido University in Sapporo, Japan. “The transformed cells were eliminated from the society of normal cells,†he says, literally pushed out by the cells next door.
These secret battles between your body’s cells might just save your life
The Allen Institute today released its first—and the world’s largest—dataset of electrical brain activity gathered using Neuropixels, a new high-resolution silicon probe that can read out activity from hundreds of neurons simultaneously. These data capture billions of lightning-fast spikes of electrical communication sparked from nearly 100,000 neurons as laboratory mice see and respond to images and short movies.
New window into brain cell communication debuts
In a new study, UC San Francisco scientists used maps of brain connections to predict how brain atrophy would spread in individual patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), adding to growing evidence that the loss of brain cells associated with dementia spreads via the synaptic connections between established brain networks. The results advance scientists’ knowledge of how neurodegeneration spreads and could lead to new clinical tools to evaluate how well novel treatments slow or block the predicted trajectory of these diseases.
Dementia spreads via connected brain networks: Brain maps allow individualized predictions of frontotemporal dementia progression — ScienceDaily
Decorating proteins with pharmaceuticals and other molecules for targeted delivery into the body and for keeping them active is an approach commonly used in medicine today. The method developed by Breinbauer and Becker could now be used to accurately and efficiently introduce such molecules into proteins. Breinbauer is confident that their method will soon be adopted because “the reagents we used are very easy to manufacture or can be purchased.”
New method for quicker and simpler production of lipidated proteins
A triple drug combination has been used to extend the lifespan of fruit flies by 48% in a new study led by UCL and the Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/09/190930161857.htm
Dr. David Sinclair’s book is truly an amazing resource that lays out the science behind why and how we age and how we can improve our health span and maybe even increase our lifespan.
The audio version on Audible is especially good with additional commentary and updates that didn’t make it to print.
The book is very affordable and there are things you could be doing right now to improve your health span and avoid or even eliminate disease.
https://lifespanbook.com?rh_ref=74f8f88c
” The decline in early life mortality since the 1950s has resulted in dramatic demographic shift towards aged population. Aging manifests as a decline in health, multiple organ dysfunction and increased vulnerability to diseases, which degrades quality of life. A verity of genetic and pharmacological interventions, mostly from non-vertebrate models, have been identified that can enhance lifespan. Whether these interventions extend healthspan, the disease free and functional period of life, has only sometimes been tested and is often a matter of debate. Human aging indices have been developed to assess elements of functional decline with aging (e.g. sarcopenia, cognitive function). However, corresponding comprehensive indices in mice are seldom applied to aging studies. To probe the relationship between healthspan and lifespan extension in mammals, we performed a series of longitudinal, clinically-relevant healthspan measurements. Metabolism and aging are tightly connected and specific perturbations of nutrient-sensing pathways can enhance longevity in laboratory animals. Here we show that alpha-ketoglutarate (delivered in the form of a Calcium salt, CaAKG), a key metabolite in tricarboxylic (TCA) cycle that is reported to extend lifespan in worms, can significantly extend lifespan and healthspan in mice. AKG is involved in various fundamental processes including collagen synthesis and epigenetic changes. Due to its broad roles in multiple biological processes, AKG has been a subject of interest for researchers in various fields. AKG also influences several age-related processes, including stem cell proliferation and osteoporosis. To determine its role in mammalian aging, we administered CaAKG in 18 months old mice and determined its effect on the onset of frailty and survival, discovering that the metabolite promotes longer, healthier life associated with a decrease in levels of inflammatory factors. Interestingly the reduction in frailty was more dramatic than the increase in lifespan, leading us to propose that CaAKG compresses morbidity. “
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/779157v1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24828042?fbclid=IwAR1a8Z8sHjZ_W8o2-z74et4afbGkO3xf5JqWzfGL2XCeFR1IyDdNaiIZsBQ
http://agingbiotech.info/companies/
“AMPK is an enzyme essential for maintaining energy balance. It consists of 3 proteins (called sub-units) that together create a functional enzyme. AMPK is expressed in various tissues, including the brain, liver, skeletal muscle, and fat cells. The net effects of AMPK activation include ketogenesis, stimulation of hepatic fatty acid oxidation, inhibition of cholesterol synthesis, triglyceride synthesis, and lipogenesis, and the stimulation of glucose uptake and skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation.
AMPK is also an energy sensor. When activated in the proper tissues, it brings about a number of beneficial effects in the body. It improves insulin sensitivity, stimulates weight loss, enhances muscle performance, and reduces inflammation, among many other benefits. It also fosters healthy aging and is involved in multiple longevity pathways.”
AMPK Activator: A Complete Guide to AMP-activated protein kinase
a study published by the University of Wisconsin in July, 2019, scientists discovered that a rapamycin analog called DL001 inhibits mTOR without all the severe side effects, such as suppression of the immune system, glucose, or liver toxicity. Suppression of mTOR has been associated with better health and longer life. mTOR is activated by eating foods like red meat, so finding a way to suppress mTOR without all the harmful side effects would be a major breakthrough.
Scientists have known that mTOR is composed of two complexes, called mTORC1 and mTORC2. As it turns out, you only need to suppress one of them, mTORC1 to get all the positive longevity benefits associated with rapamycin. Suppressing mTORC2 is what has caused many of the negative side effects of rapamycin, so discovering that the rapamycin analog DL001 suppresses mTORC1 without suppressing mTORC2 is the breakthrough that may finally allow us to get the benefits of rapamycin without the severe side effects.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6642166/
Although talking about chronic fatigue syndrome, it’s important to know about methylation especially if you’re supplementing with b group vitamins
MIB-626 is a NAD+ precursor being developed with the help of David Sinclair’s lab. It is understood that this is the molecule that is touted to be even more effective than NMN and caused mice to run over 3km and break the lab treadmill.
It’s not yet available but one to really keep an eye on.
