Author: Nathan
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Nitric oxide signaling in health and disease

Nitric oxide signaling in health and disease

Posted on by Nathan

The surprising discovery that the diatomic gas nitric oxide (NO) is generated by mammalian cells and serves to regulate a multitude of physiological processes has continued to fascinate biologists for almost four decades. The biochemistry of NO is complex, and novel insights into the control of NO biosynthesis and mechanisms of signal transduction are continuously emerging. NO is a key regulator of cardiovascular function, metabolism, neurotransmission, immunity, and more, and aberrant NO signaling is a central feature of many major disorders including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Here, we discuss the basics of NO biology emphasizing recent advances in the field including novel means of increasing NO bioactivity with therapeutic and nutritional implications.

Nitric oxide signaling in health and disease https://link.researcher-app.com/aSxM – via Researcher (@ResearcherApp)

The serotonin theory of depression: a systematic umbrella review of the evidence | Molecular Psychiatry

The serotonin theory of depression: a systematic umbrella review of the evidence | Molecular Psychiatry

Posted on by Nathan

The main areas of serotonin research provide no consistent evidence of there being an association between serotonin and depression, and no support for the hypothesis that depression is caused by lowered serotonin activity or concentrations. Some evidence was consistent with the possibility that long-term antidepressant use reduces serotonin concentration.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-022-01661-0

L-Tyrosine+L-Theanine +Coffee bean&berry as Possible ADHD treatment pathway

L-Tyrosine+L-Theanine +Coffee bean&berry as Possible ADHD treatment pathway

Posted on by Nathan

Personal anecdote/not sponsored:

In our quest to find the most effective and healthy options in treating conditions, we’ve come across an interesting supplement based mainly on caffine, coffee beans, L-theanine, and L-tyrosine.

Our head researcher has both ADHD and ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder). Traditional medication used in ADHD treatment has been deficient, until now.

The clarity and calm that is had via this particular supplement has made one of the single biggest changes for him. This may be an option for others wishing to find a more effective treatment, or to make a change away from their current regime.

As always, exercise caution when making changes to your medication, and discuss with your health care professionals.


A closer look at the key nootropics:

Alpha GPC (L-Alpha Glycerylphosphorylcholine) – a cholinergic compound that regulates a neurotransmitter called Acetylcholine, that supports physical and mental performance.
Huperzine A – a compound found in Chinese club moss, increases the neurotransmitter Acetylcholine, supporting memory, focus and brain health.
Ginseng – derived from a fleshy plant root; Ginseng is natural energy support used in Chinese medicine for centuries. This herb can help sharpen your mind and support relaxation simultaneously.
L-Theanine – if you’ve had green tea, you’ve had L-Theanine! This amino acid helps give you a mental boost without the jitters and is now a popular component of many pre-workout formulas.
L-Tyrosine – Your neurotransmitters (such as Dopamine) rely on nonessential amino acids like L-Tyrosine. It assists communication between nerve cells, helping your brain to function with clarity and assisting the healthy stress response.
Bacopa Monnieri (Brahmi) – traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine, this herb supports focus, learning and memory.

https://athleticsport.com.au/blogs/blog/what-are-the-best-nootropics

https://athleticsport.com.au/collections/all/products/nootopia-nootropic

References

Bellar D, LeBlanc NR, Campbell B. The effect of 6 days of alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine on isometric strength. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2015;12:42. Published 2015 Nov 17. doi:10.1186/s12970-015-0103-x

Frank, K., Patel, K., Lopez, G. and Willis, B., 2020. Theanine Research Analysis. [online] Examine.com.

Here, S., Guide, N., Nootropics, L., Nootropics, B. and Take, W., 2020. The Definitive Guide To Nootropics – Nootropics Expert. [online] Nootropicsexpert.com.

Parker, A.G., Byars, A., Purpura, M. et al. The effects of Alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, caffeine or placebo on markers of mood, cognitive function, power, speed, and agility. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 12, P41 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-12-S1-P41

Noor Azuin Suliman, Che Norma Mat Taib, Mohamad Aris Mohd Moklas, Mohd Ilham Adenan, Mohamad Taufik Hidayat Baharuldin, Rusliza Basir, “Establishing Natural Nootropics: Recent Molecular Enhancement Influenced by Natural Nootropic”,Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2016, Article ID 4391375, 12 pages, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4391375

The mitochondrial NAD+ transporter SLC25A51 is a fasting-induced gene affecting SIRT3 functions – Metabolism – Clinical and Experimental

The mitochondrial NAD+ transporter SLC25A51 is a fasting-induced gene affecting SIRT3 functions – Metabolism – Clinical and Experimental

Posted on by Nathan

Highlights
•
The mitochondrial NAD+ transporter Slc25a51 is a fasting-induced gene.
•
Liver Slc25a51 is regulated by circadian rhythm and is a target of BMAL1.
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Reduced Slc25a51 expression suppressed mitochondrial NAD+ levels and SIRT3 activity in hepatocytes and the liver.
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Reduced Slc25a51 expression suppressed oxygen consumption rate in hepatocytes.
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Reduced hepatic Slc25a51 expression caused fatty liver and hypertriglyceridemia in mice

https://www.metabolismjournal.com/article/S0026-0495(22)00153-6/fulltext

Working Conditions, Work Productivity, Quality of Life, and Depressive Symptoms in Undiagnosed Adults with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Working Conditions, Work Productivity, Quality of Life, and Depressive Symptoms in Undiagnosed Adults with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Posted on by Nathan

Productivity was improved among all participants during the COVID-19 pandemic, contrary to expectations. However, adults with ADHD symptoms consistently had lower productivity, poorer QOL, and more depressive symptoms than those without ADHD symptoms.

Working Conditions, Work Productivity, Quality of Life, and Depressive Symptoms in Undiagnosed Adults with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic https://link.researcher-app.com/TFUE – via Researcher (@ResearcherApp)

Cognitive deficit in adults with ADHD lies in the cognitive state disorder rather than the working memory deficit: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

Cognitive deficit in adults with ADHD lies in the cognitive state disorder rather than the working memory deficit: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

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This study tested whether cognitive deficit in patients with adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a working memory deficit or cognitive state disorder during the N-back task. Twenty-two adults with ADHD and twenty-four healthy controls participated in the N-back task. The functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was combined with three perspectives from behavioral and spatial and temporal activation characteristics of blood oxygen levels in the prefrontal cortex to examine the psychological and neuroprocessing characteristics of adult ADHD. Data were acquired using a block design during an N-back task with three memory loads. Visual stimuli were presented on a computer monitor. Behaviorally, response time and accuracy showed no significant differences between the two groups. Spatially, in the left orbitofrontal area and the left frontopolar area (Channels 4 and 11), adult ADHD had significantly higher activation levels of oxyHb in the 2-back task and lower activation levels of deoxyHb in the 3-back task than healthy controls (corrected p?<?0.05). Therefore, Channel 4 in the 2-back condition and Channel 11 in the 3-back condition were used as the regions of interest (ROI). Temporally, adults with ADHD peaked earlier in the ROIs than healthy controls. Furthermore, working memory deficit was not found directly from the behavioral performance in adult ADHD. However, adult ADHD can be affected by memory load, task duration, and novelty stimulus. Our findings suggest that patients with adult ADHD have cognitive state disorder instead of working memory deficit.

Cognitive deficit in adults with ADHD lies in the cognitive state disorder rather than the working memory deficit: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study https://link.researcher-app.com/wbqx – via Researcher (@ResearcherApp)

Supplementation with NAD+ and Its Precursors to Prevent Cognitive Decline across Disease Contexts

Supplementation with NAD+ and Its Precursors to Prevent Cognitive Decline across Disease Contexts

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The preservation of cognitive ability by increasing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels through supplementation with NAD+ precursors has been identified as a promising treatment strategy for a number of conditions; principally, age-related cognitive decline (including Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia), but also diabetes, stroke, and traumatic brain injury. Candidate factors have included NAD+ itself, its reduced form NADH, nicotinamide (NAM), nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), nicotinamide riboside (NR), and niacin (or nicotinic acid). This review summarises the research findings for each source of cognitive impairment for which NAD+ precursor supplementation has been investigated as a therapy. The findings are mostly positive but have been made primarily in animal models, with some reports of null or adverse effects. Given the increasing popularity and availability of these factors as nutritional supplements, further properly controlled clinical research is needed to provide definitive answers regarding this strategy’s likely impact on human cognitive health when used to address different sources of impairment.

Supplementation with NAD+ and Its Precursors to Prevent Cognitive Decline across Disease Contexts https://link.researcher-app.com/UR94 – via Researcher (@ResearcherApp)

Consumption of Omega-3 and Maintenance and Incidence of Depressive Episodes: The ELSA-Brasil Study

Consumption of Omega-3 and Maintenance and Incidence of Depressive Episodes: The ELSA-Brasil Study

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Depression affects 264 million persons in the world, accounting for some 4.3% of the global burden of disease. Current studies indicate that the decrease in the consumption of omega-3 food sources is associated with the increasing incidence of depression. The study aims to assess the association between the consumption of omega-3 and the maintenance and incidence of depressive episodes in adults (39–64 years) and elderly adults (>65 years). This was a longitudinal study using data from the baseline and first follow-up wave of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Depressive episodes were obtained with the Clinical Interview Schedule Revised (CIS-R), and food consumption was measured with the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Logistic regression was used to analyze associations between the consumption of omega-3 and depressive episodes. Fatty acids from the omega-3 family showed a protective effect against the maintenance of depressive episodes. In relation to incidence, the estimates suggest that the higher the consumption of omega-3 acids, the lower the risk of developing depressive episodes, and significant associations were found between the consumption of omega-3 and alpha-linolenic acid. Dietary consumption of omega-3, DHA, EPA, DPA, and alpha linolenic fatty acids may have a protective effect against the maintenance and incidence of depressive episodes.

Consumption of Omega-3 and Maintenance and Incidence of Depressive Episodes: The ELSA-Brasil Study https://link.researcher-app.com/EhnP – via Researcher (@ResearcherApp)

Beyond the hypothalamus: roles for insulin as a regulator of neurotransmission, motivation, and feeding

Beyond the hypothalamus: roles for insulin as a regulator of neurotransmission, motivation, and feeding

Posted on by Nathan

In individuals of healthy weight, intranasal insulin can enhance cognition and decision-making; these effects are dissociable from insulin’s ability to regulate blood glucose. Furthermore, rising rates of obesity and type II diabetes, diseases characterized by elevated insulin and blunted insulin signaling, highlight the need to understand insulin’s effects on neurophysiology [1]. However, despite expression of insulin receptors throughout the brain, little is known about its effects on neural function and resulting behavior (see ref. [2] for review). For example, in humans and rodents, actions of insulin in the brain decrease food intake, but the mechanisms are undefined; the same is true for insulin’s cognitive-enhancing properties, with or without obesity.

Beyond the hypothalamus: roles for insulin as a regulator of neurotransmission, motivation, and feeding https://link.researcher-app.com/w2JM – via Researcher (@ResearcherApp)

Epigenetics and ADHD: Reflections on Current Knowledge, Research Priorities and Translational Potential

Epigenetics and ADHD: Reflections on Current Knowledge, Research Priorities and Translational Potential

Posted on by Nathan

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common and debilitating neurodevelopmental disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, typically identified in the school-age years but hypothesized to have developmental origins beginning in utero. To improve current strategies for prediction, prevention and treatment, a central challenge is to delineate how, at a molecular level, genetic and environmental influences jointly shape ADHD risk, phenotypic presentation, and developmental course. Epigenetic processes that regulate gene expression, such as DNA methylation, have emerged as a promising molecular system in the search for both biomarkers and mechanisms to address this challenge.

Epigenetics and ADHD: Reflections on Current Knowledge, Research Priorities and Translational Potential https://link.researcher-app.com/DmeY – via Researcher (@ResearcherApp)

Sleeping Longer Than 6.5 Hours A Night Associated With Cognitive Decline According To Research – What’s Really Going On Here? | IFLScience

Sleeping Longer Than 6.5 Hours A Night Associated With Cognitive Decline According To Research – What’s Really Going On Here? | IFLScience

Posted on by Nathan

https://www.iflscience.com/brain/sleeping-longer-than-65-hours-a-night-associated-with-cognitive-decline-according-to-research-whats-really-going-on-here/

Accelerated biological aging in COVID-19 patients | Nature Communications

Accelerated biological aging in COVID-19 patients | Nature Communications

Posted on by Nathan


Chronological age is a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19. Previous findings indicate that epigenetic age could be altered in viral infection. However, the epigenetic aging in COVID-19 has not been well studied. In this study, DNA methylation of the blood samples from 232 healthy individuals and 413 COVID-19 patients is profiled using EPIC methylation array. Epigenetic ages of each individual are determined by applying epigenetic clocks and telomere length estimator to the methylation profile of the individual.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-29801-8

Mullets for Mental Health – Health Hackers

Mullets for Mental Health – Health Hackers

Posted on by Nathan

Science. Compassion. Action.

We’re all ears for Black Dog Institute’s Mullets for Mental Health.

1 in 5 of us will experience symptoms of mental illness in any given year. In Australia that’s around 5 million people. And roughly 65% of these people won’t seek help.

For the month of September we will be sporting mullets and raising funds to show support for mental health research.

Please donate and support our mullets and empower everyone in Australia to look after their mental health.

https://www.mulletsformentalhealth.org.au/fundraisers/healthhackers

Therapeutic effects of growth factor cocktail (Cellcurin) containing FGF5s (fibroblast growth factor 5 short) and NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) in patients with androgenetic alopecia: A split study

Therapeutic effects of growth factor cocktail (Cellcurin) containing FGF5s (fibroblast growth factor 5 short) and NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) in patients with androgenetic alopecia: A split study

Posted on by Nathan

GFC with FGF5s and NMN with microneedling is an effective and safe treatment of androgenetic alopecia. Future studies with more thorough investigations in controlled clinical settings are warranted.

https://www.oatext.com/therapeutic-effects-of-growth-factor-cocktail-cellcurintm-containing-fgf5s-fibroblast-growth-factor-5-short-and-nmn-nicotinamide-mononucleotide-in-patients.php

Ron Davis Q&A: Chronic fatigue syndrome research could help Covid long haulers – CNN

Ron Davis Q&A: Chronic fatigue syndrome research could help Covid long haulers – CNN

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During the global pandemic, Davis’ search for a cure for ME/CFS could also shed new light in understanding why some Covid-19 long haulers have stayed sick for more than a year.

https://www.cnn.com/2021/03/12/health/ron-davis-covid-long-hauler-scn-wellness/index.html

Early Exposure to Antibiotics Can Cause Permanent Asthma and Allergies | Rutgers University

Early Exposure to Antibiotics Can Cause Permanent Asthma and Allergies | Rutgers University

Posted on by Nathan

Early exposure to antibiotics kills healthy bacteria in the digestive tract and can cause asthma and allergies, a new study demonstrates.

https://www.rutgers.edu/news/early-exposure-antibiotics-can-cause-permanent-asthma-and-allergies

Mullets for Mental Health – Health Hackers

Mullets for Mental Health – Health Hackers

Posted on by Nathan

Science. Compassion. Action.
Posted by Nathan, Thursday 28th

We’re all ears for Black Dog Institute’s Mullets for Mental Health.

1 in 5 of us will experience symptoms of mental illness in any given year. In Australia that’s around 5 million people. And roughly 65% of these people won’t seek help.

For the month of September we will be sporting mullets and raising funds to show support for mental health research.

Please donate and support our mullets and empower everyone in Australia to look after their mental health.

https://www.mulletsformentalhealth.org.au/fundraisers/healthhackers

Effects of the ketogenic diet on performance and body composition in athletes and trained adults: a systematic review and Bayesian multivariate multilevel meta-analysis and meta-regression – PubMed

Effects of the ketogenic diet on performance and body composition in athletes and trained adults: a systematic review and Bayesian multivariate multilevel meta-analysis and meta-regression – PubMed

Posted on by Nathan

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35757868/

Psilocybin microdosers demonstrate greater observed improvements in mood and mental health at one month relative to non-microdosing controls | Scientific Reports

Psilocybin microdosers demonstrate greater observed improvements in mood and mental health at one month relative to non-microdosing controls | Scientific Reports

Posted on by Nathan

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-14512-3

As US obesity epidemic grows, new study shows | EurekAlert!

As US obesity epidemic grows, new study shows | EurekAlert!

Posted on by Nathan

The article, published in the Journal of Obesity, looked at the long-term weight gain of more than 13,800 U.S. adults — a rare data point unearthed in obesity research. They found that more than half of American adults in the study gained 5% or more body weight over a 10-year period. What’s more, more than a third of American adults gained 10% or more body weight and almost a fifth gained 20% or more body weight.

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/956907

Serious Adverse Events of Special Interest Following mRNA Vaccination in Randomized Trials by Joseph Fraiman, Juan Erviti, Mark Jones, Sander Greenland, Patrick Whelan, Robert M. Kaplan, Peter Doshi :: SSRN

Serious Adverse Events of Special Interest Following mRNA Vaccination in Randomized Trials by Joseph Fraiman, Juan Erviti, Mark Jones, Sander Greenland, Patrick Whelan, Robert M. Kaplan, Peter Doshi :: SSRN

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https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4125239

Glycine and N-acetylcysteine (GlyNAC) supplementation in older adults improves glutathione deficiency, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, genotoxicity, muscle strength, and cognition: Results of a pilot clinical trial – PubMed

Glycine and N-acetylcysteine (GlyNAC) supplementation in older adults improves glutathione deficiency, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, genotoxicity, muscle strength, and cognition: Results of a pilot clinical trial – PubMed

Posted on by Nathan

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33783984/

Sleeping Longer Than 6.5 Hours A Night Associated With Cognitive Decline According To Research – What’s Really Going On Here? | IFLScience

Sleeping Longer Than 6.5 Hours A Night Associated With Cognitive Decline According To Research – What’s Really Going On Here? | IFLScience

Posted on by Nathan

https://www.iflscience.com/brain/sleeping-longer-than-65-hours-a-night-associated-with-cognitive-decline-according-to-research-whats-really-going-on-here/

Just published today in Nature Scientific Reports! “Adults who microdose psychedelics report health related motivations and lower levels of anxiety and depression compared to non-microdosers” — Paul Stamets

Just published today in Nature Scientific Reports! “Adults who microdose psychedelics report health related motivations and lower levels of anxiety and depression compared to non-microdosers” — Paul Stamets

Posted on by Nathan

https://paulstamets.com/news/just-published-adults-who-microdose

Ranking healthfulness of foods from first to worst: New nutrient profiling system, most comprehensive and science-based to date, clears up confusion to benefit consumers, policymakers — ScienceDaily

Ranking healthfulness of foods from first to worst: New nutrient profiling system, most comprehensive and science-based to date, clears up confusion to benefit consumers, policymakers — ScienceDaily

Posted on by Nathan

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/10/211014111217.htm

‘Psychedelics renaissance’: new wave of research puts hallucinogenics forward to treat mental health | Mental health | The Guardian

‘Psychedelics renaissance’: new wave of research puts hallucinogenics forward to treat mental health | Mental health | The Guardian

Posted on by Nathan

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/sep/26/psychedelics-renaissance-new-wave-of-research-puts-hallucinogenics-forward-to-treat-mental-health?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other

Association of carbohydrate and saturated fat intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality in Australian women | Heart

Association of carbohydrate and saturated fat intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality in Australian women | Heart

Posted on by Nathan

https://heart.bmj.com/content/early/2021/09/11/heartjnl-2021-319654?__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=pmd_rXzzmCcmGM1X2ghcVivfho5Tm2OdoXd.u5iKoe26i7Y-1632371897-0-gqNtZGzNAhCjcnBszQgl

The Smiles Trial: Nutrition for Depression | Ideal Nutrition

The Smiles Trial: Nutrition for Depression | Ideal Nutrition

Posted on by Nathan

Each food, beverage, or mixed dish receives a final Food Compass score ranging from 1 (least healthy) to 100 (most healthy). The researchers identified 70 or more as a reasonable score for foods or beverages that should be encouraged. Foods and beverages scoring 31-69 should be consumed in moderation. Anything scoring 30 or lower should be consumed minimally.

Across major food categories, the average Food Compass score was 43.2.

The lowest scoring category was snacks and sweet desserts (average score 16.4).
The highest scoring categories were vegetables (average score 69.1), fruits (average score 73.9, with nearly all raw fruits receiving a score of 100), and legumes, nuts, and seeds (average score 78.6).
Among beverages, the average score ranged from 27.6 for sugar-sweetened sodas and energy drinks to 67 for 100% fruit or vegetable juices.
Starchy vegetables scored an average of 43.2.
The average score for beef was 24.9; for poultry, 42.67; and for seafood, 67.0.

https://www.idealnutrition.com.au/diet-for-depression/

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